Physical Pharmaceutics II Theory
UNIT-I
Colloidal dispersions: Classification of dispersed systems & their general characteristics, size & shapes of colloidal particles, classification of colloids & a comparative account of their general properties. Optical, kinetic & electrical properties. Effect of electrolytes, coacervation, peptization& protective action.
UNIT-II
Rheology: Newtonian systems, the law of flow, kinematic viscosity, the effect of temperature, non-Newtonian systems, pseudoplastic, dilatant, plastic, thixotropy, thixotropy in formulation, determination of viscosity, capillary, falling Sphere, rotational viscometers Deformation of solids: Plastic and elastic deformation, Heckel equation, Stress, Strain, Elastic Modulus
UNIT-III
Coarse dispersion: Suspension, interfacial properties of suspended particles, settling in suspensions, formulation of flocculated and deflocculated suspensions. Emulsions and theories of emulsification, microemulsion and multiple emulsions; Stability of emulsions, preservation of emulsions, rheological properties of emulsions and emulsion formulation by HLB method.
UNIT-IV
Micromeretics: Particle size and distribution, mean particle size, number and weight distribution, particle number, methods for determining particle size by different methods, counting and separation method, particle shape, specific surface, methods for determining surface area, permeability, adsorption, derived properties of powders, porosity, packing arrangement, densities, bulkiness & flow properties.
UNIT-V
Drug stability: Reaction kinetics: zero, pseudo-zero, first & second order, units of basic rate constants, determination of reaction order. Physical and chemical factors influencing the chemical degradation of pharmaceutical products: temperature, solvent, ionic strength, dielectric constant, specific & general acid-base catalysis, Simple numerical problems.
Stabilization of medicinal agents against common reactions like hydrolysis & oxidation.
Accelerated stability testing in expiration dating of pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Photolytic degradation and its prevention
Recommended Books: (Latest Editions)
- Physical Pharmacy by Alfred Martin, Sixth edition
- Experimental pharmaceutics by Eugene, Parott.
- Tutorial pharmacy by Cooper and Gunn.
- Stocklosam J. Pharmaceutical calculations, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
- Liberman H.A, Lachman C., Pharmaceutical Dosage forms, Tablets, Volume-1 to 3,
Marcel Dekkar Inc. - Liberman H.A, Lachman C, Pharmaceutical dosage forms. Disperse systems, volume 1, 2, 3. Marcel Dekkar Inc.
- Physical Pharmaceutics by Ramasamy C, and Manavalan R.
Second Year B Pharm Notes, Syllabus, Books, PDF Subjectwise/Topicwise
Suggested readings
Recommended readings:
- Spirulina Medicinal uses
- Emulsions
- BIOSTATISTICS AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Theory
- Determination bulk true density porosity
- Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science
The Tylenol-Autism Link: A Deep Dive into the Science Behind the Claims
Graves’ Disease: Understanding the Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options
The truth about GLP-1 and weight loss: Is it for everyone?
