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Formation of haemoglobin

Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues. The process of hemoglobin formation is called erythropoiesis and involves several steps:

  1. Stem cells in the bone marrow differentiate into immature red blood cells, called erythroblasts.
  2. Erythroblasts start to synthesize hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is made up of four protein chains called globins, and each globin chain is associated with a heme group that contains an iron atom.
  3. The synthesis of hemoglobin requires a supply of iron, which is obtained from the diet and stored in the body. Iron is transported to the bone marrow, where it is incorporated into the heme groups of the globin chains.
  4. The globin chains and heme groups are then assembled into hemoglobin molecules.
  5. The erythroblasts mature into reticulocytes, which still contain some ribosomal RNA.
  6. The reticulocytes are released from the bone marrow into the bloodstream, where they lose their ribosomal RNA and mature into fully functional red blood cells.

Overall, the formation of hemoglobin is a complex process that requires the coordinated synthesis of several different components, including protein chains, heme groups, and iron. Any disruption in this process can lead to abnormalities in red blood cell production or function, which can result in anemia and other blood disorders.

First Year B Pharm Notes, Syllabus, Books, PDF Subjectwise/Topicwise

F Y B Pharm Sem-IF Y B Pharm Sem-II
BP101T Human Anatomy and Physiology I TheoryBP201T Human Anatomy and Physiology II – Theory
BP102T Pharmaceutical Analysis I TheoryBP202T Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry I Theory
BP103T Pharmaceutics I TheoryBP203T Biochemistry – Theory
BP104T Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry TheoryBP204T Pathophysiology – Theory
BP105T Communication skills TheoryBP205T Computer Applications in Pharmacy Theory
BP106RBT Remedial BiologyBP206T Environmental sciences – Theory
BP106RMT Remedial Mathematics TheoryBP207P Human Anatomy and Physiology II Practical
BP107P Human Anatomy and Physiology PracticalBP208P Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry I Practical
BP108P Pharmaceutical Analysis I PracticalBP209P Biochemistry Practical
BP109P Pharmaceutics I PracticalBP210P Computer Applications in Pharmacy Practical
BP110P Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry Practical
BP111P Communication skills Practical
BP112RBP Remedial Biology Practical

Suggested readings:

  • Estimation of Hemoglobin by Sahli’s Method
  • Limit Test of Iron Pharmaceutical Analysis I Practical, Lab Manual, PDF
  • Polymerase chain reaction PCR / Gene amplification
  • Determination of blood group: BP112RBP REMEDIAL BIOLOGY Practical
  • Determination of blood group HAP Lab Manual PDF MCQ Video Synopsis

B Pharmacy Notes (Subjectwise/Topicwise)

  • F Y B Pharmacy Notes
  • S Y B Pharmacy Notes
  • T Y B Pharmacy Notes
  • Final Year B Pharmacy Notes
  • B Pharmacy All Subject Notes

D Pharmacy Notes (Subjectwise/Topicwise)

  • 1st Year D Pharmacy
  • 2nd Year D Pharmacy

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