Formation of haemoglobin

Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues. The process of hemoglobin formation is called erythropoiesis and involves several steps:

1. Stem cells in the bone marrow differentiate into immature red blood cells, called erythroblasts.
2. Erythroblasts start to synthesize hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is made up of four protein chains called globins, and each globin chain is associated with a heme group that contains an iron atom.
3. The synthesis of hemoglobin requires a supply of iron, which is obtained from the diet and stored in the body. Iron is transported to the bone marrow, where it is incorporated into the heme groups of the globin chains.
4. The globin chains and heme groups are then assembled into hemoglobin molecules.
5. The erythroblasts mature into reticulocytes, which still contain some ribosomal RNA.
6. The reticulocytes are released from the bone marrow into the bloodstream, where they lose their ribosomal RNA and mature into fully functional red blood cells.

Overall, the formation of hemoglobin is a complex process that requires the coordinated synthesis of several different components, including protein chains, heme groups, and iron. Any disruption in this process can lead to abnormalities in red blood cell production or function, which can result in anemia and other blood disorders.

First Year B Pharm Notes, Syllabus, Books, PDF Subjectwise/Topicwise

Suggested readings:

• Estimation of Hemoglobin by Sahli’s Method
• Limit Test of Iron Pharmaceutical Analysis I Practical, Lab Manual, PDF
• Polymerase chain reaction PCR / Gene amplification
• Determination of blood group: BP112RBP REMEDIAL BIOLOGY Practical
• Determination of blood group HAP Lab Manual PDF MCQ Video Synopsis