Principle of Polarography analysis
Polarography is an electroanalytical technique to measure the concentration of certain species in a solution. The principle of polarography analysis is based on the measurement of the current that flows through a solution when a voltage is applied to an electrode immersed in it.
The analysis is carried out using a polarograph, which consists of a working electrode, a reference electrode, and an auxiliary electrode. The working electrode is usually made of mercury and is whic measure the current that flows through the solution. The reference electrode is maintain a constant potential between the working electrode and the solution. The auxiliary electrode supply additional current to the solution, if required.
In polarography, the working electrode is polarize by applying a voltage between the working electrode and the reference electrode. As a result of this polarization, a diffusion layer is formed around the working electrode, where the concentration of the species being analyzed is proportional to the current flowing through the solution.
The current that flows through the solution is measured using a potentiostat, which maintains a constant potential between the working electrode and the reference electrode. The current is then plotted against the potential, which results in a polarogram.
The polarogram can be use to determine the concentration of the speciesm. The concentration is determined by measuring the peak current, which corresponds to the concentration of the species in the solution.
Summary
In summary, the principle of polarography analysis involves the measurement of the current that flows through a solution when a voltage is applied to an electrode immersed in it. The concentration of the species is proportional to the current flowing through the solution, which is measure using a potentiostat. The polarogram obtained from the analysis determine the concentration of the species.
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