Qualitative analysis of urine for abnormal constituents
BP209P Biochemistry Practical / B Pharmacy Syllabus and Notes
The commonly encountered pathological chemical constituents of the urine are
PROTEIN: May be albumin or globulin
BLOOD: Haemoglobin, Erythrocytes
REDUCING SUGAR: Usually glucose and in special cases lactose, galactose, pentose and rarely fructose
KETONE BODIES: Acetone, aceto acetic acid
BILE SALTS & BILE PIGMENTS: Sodium and potassium salts of glycol/ taurcholic acids,Bilirubin
PORPHOBILINOGEN
UROBILINOGEN
TEST FOR PROTEIN
Heat coagulation test:
Principle:
Urine contains mainly albumin which is a heat coagulable protein
Procedure:
Fill ¾ of a test tube with the urine acidified with 2% acetic acid mix & heat the upper portion
Observation:
Coagulation occurs
Inference:
Presence of protein
Sulphosalicylic acid test:
Principle:
Protein is precipitated by Sulpho salicylic acid by removal of charges on the protein
Procedure:
To 5ml of urine, add 1ml of 20% Sulpho salicylic acid.
Observation:
A white precipitate is formed
Inference:
Presence of protein
Suggested readings: