
Marburg virus disease (MVD), formerly known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever, is a severe, often fatal illness. It is a viral hemorrhagic fever of humans and non-human primates (monkeys, apes). The illness is named after the city of Marburg, Germany, where it was first identified in 1967.
Transmission:
- Animal-to-human: The virus is believed to be transmitted to people from fruit bats of the Rousettus bat genus.
- Human-to-human: MVD can spread from person to person through direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes) with the blood, secretions, organs, or other bodily fluids of infected people.
Symptoms:
- Initial Symptoms: The illness typically begins abruptly with fever, chills, headache, and muscle aches.
- Progression: Symptoms can worsen rapidly, including:
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Chest pain
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
- Rash
- Central nervous system involvement (confusion, irritability, seizures)
- Severe bleeding (internal and external)
Treatment and Prevention:
- No specific treatment: There is no specific treatment or cure for MVD. Treatment focuses on supportive care, such as rehydration, maintaining blood pressure, and treating specific symptoms.
- Experimental treatments: Some experimental treatments, such as antiviral drugs, are being investigated.
- Prevention:
- Avoid contact with infected people and their bodily fluids.
- Practice good hygiene: Frequent handwashing with soap and water is crucial.
- Avoid contact with infected animals, especially bats and their caves.
- Properly handle and prepare bushmeat: If consuming bushmeat, ensure it is thoroughly cooked.
Outbreaks:
MVD outbreaks have been reported in several African countries, including Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, and South Africa.
Conclusion:
Marburg virus disease is a serious and potentially fatal illness. Early detection, isolation of infected individuals, and supportive care are crucial for improving outcomes. Continued research and development of effective treatments and vaccines are essential for combating this disease.
Disclaimer: This information is for general knowledge and does not constitute medical advice.
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