812ET Dietary supplements and Nutraceuticals, Notes, PDF, Books
Occurrence and Characteristic Features:
- Anthocyanidins are a subclass of flavonoids responsible for the vibrant red, blue, and purple colors of many fruits, vegetables, and flowers.
- They are found in a variety of plant sources, including:
- Berries (blueberries, raspberries, strawberries, cranberries)
- Cherries
- Grapes (red and purple varieties)
- Plums
- Blackcurrants
- Red apples (particularly the skin)
- Eggplant (skin)
- Red onions
- Red cabbage
- Chemically, anthocyanidins are glycosides, meaning they consist of a sugar molecule linked to an anthocyanidin aglycone. This aglycone core structure is responsible for the characteristic color, with variations depending on pH and other attached molecules.
Medicinal Benefits:
Research on the health benefits of anthocyanidins is ongoing, but here are some promising areas:
- Antioxidant Activity: Anthocyanidins are potent free radical scavengers, protecting cells from oxidative damage linked to chronic diseases like heart disease, cancer, and age-related cognitive decline.
- Anti-inflammatory Properties: Anthocyanidins possess anti-inflammatory effects, potentially beneficial in managing conditions like arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and even obesity. Their ability to modulate inflammatory pathways is being actively explored.
- Improved Vision Health: Some studies suggest anthocyanidins may improve vision health by strengthening blood vessels in the eyes and protecting against age-related macular degeneration. However, more research is needed.
- Cognitive Function: Anthocyanidins might play a role in protecting brain cells and enhancing cognitive function. Some studies suggest a potential benefit in preventing cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. However, further research is necessary.
- Antimicrobial Activity: Early research suggests anthocyanidins may have some antimicrobial properties, but more investigation is needed to understand their potential applications.
Important Points to Consider:
- The bioavailability of anthocyanidins can be variable depending on the food source and individual factors. Combining anthocyanidins with vitamin C may enhance their absorption.
- Anthocyanidins are generally safe for consumption through dietary sources. However, high doses from supplements might cause digestive issues in some individuals.
- More research is needed to fully understand the long-term health benefits of anthocyanidins and determine optimal intake levels.
Suggested readings:
Final Year B Pharm Notes, Syllabus, Books, PDF Subjectwise/Topicwise
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