Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology
BP408P Pharmacology I Practical / S Y B Pharmacy Notes
In spite of tremendous development in electronic devices and recording systems are followed in institutions and research laboratories. Some common instruments are used in experimental pharmacology
Organ bath:
The tissue bath used to put the animal tissue for studying the drug actions is called the student organ bath. This was first designed by Rudolph Magnus in 1904. The organ bath essentially consists of
- An outer jacket is made of up of steel or glass or Perspex.
- The inner organ or tissue bath is made up of glass with a capacity varying from 10 -50 ml
- Thermostatically controlled heating rod
- Stirrer to keep the water in the outer jacket at a uniform temperature
- Oxygen or delivery glass tube which also serves as tissue holder
- Glass coil, one end of which is connected having the physiological salt solution.
The student organ bath having two units of inner tissue bath is called a double unit organ bath.
Rota rod apparatus:
For the study of the muscle relaxant property of diazepam in mice. The loss of muscle grab is an indicator of muscle relaxation. This effect can be studied in animals using an inclined plane or rotating rods.
Actophotometer:
It is used to study the CNS depressant property of chlorpromazine on the locomotor activity of mice. CNS depressant drugs like alcohol reduce motor activity the stimulants like caffeine and amphetamines increase the activity. The actophotometer operates on the photoelectric cell which is connected to a circuit with the counter.
Electro-convulsiometer
It is used to study the anticonvulsant activity of phenytoin against electro-convusiometer induced in rats. The electric shock is applied through the corneal electrodes; it produces 5 phases such as tonic flexion, tonic extensor, clonic convulsion, stupor, and recovery/death.
Pole climbing apparatus
It is used to study anxiolytic activity in rats and mice. The basic principles of pole climbing apparatus are based on a neuro-chemical mechanism of anxiety disorders drugs like benzodiazepam are used.
Analgesiometer:
It is used to study the analgesic effects of drugs in mice and rats. The inducer of pain such as heat, physio compression and chemical inducers. The basal reaction time was noted as an inference of pain sensation drugs like morphine and other NSAIDs are used.
Metabolic cage:
It is used to study the metabolic parameters such as faecal and urine for the study of purgative or laxative, animals such as rats and mice are used.
- Introduction to experimental pharmacology.
- Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology.
- Study of common laboratory animals.
- Maintenance of laboratory animals as per CPCSEA guidelines.
- Common laboratory techniques.
- Study of different routes of drugs administration in mice/rats.
- Study effect of hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers on phenobarbitone sleeping time in mice.
- Effect of drugs on ciliary motility of frog oesophagus
- Effect of drugs on rabbit eye.
- Effects of skeletal muscle relaxants using rota-rod apparatus.
- Effect of drugs on locomotor activity using actophotometer.
- Anticonvulsant effect of drugs by MES and PTZ method.
- Study of stereotype and anti-catatonic activity of drugs on rats/mice.
- Study of anxiolytic activity of drugs using rats/mice.
- Study of local anesthetics by different methods
Second Year B Pharm Notes, Syllabus, Books, PDF Subjectwise/Topicwise
Suggested readings: