Improvement in rural sanitation

Improvement in rural sanitation

Rural sanitation in India has improved significantly in recent years due to various initiatives and programs by the government, civil society organizations, and other stakeholders. Some of the key improvements in rural sanitation in India are as follows:

1. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan or Clean India Mission launched by the government in 2014 was a significant step towards improving rural sanitation. The mission aimed to make India open-defecation free by constructing toilets in rural areas and promoting behavioral changes towards using them.
2. Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS): The CLTS approach encourages communities to take ownership of their own sanitation by identifying the health hazards of open defecation and developing sustainable solutions to address them.
3. Sanitation Financing: The government has increased funding for rural sanitation programs, including the provision of subsidies and loans for building toilets. This has made it easier for people to afford toilets and other sanitation facilities.
4. Technology-based Solutions: Several technology-based solutions such as mobile applications for monitoring and tracking the progress of rural sanitation programs have been implemented, making the process more efficient and effective.
5. Behaviour Change Communication: Various behavior change communication campaigns have been launched to promote the use of toilets and other sanitation facilities. This includes the use of mass media, community mobilization, and interpersonal communication to spread awareness about the health hazards of open defecation and the benefits of using toilets.

Overall, these initiatives have led to significant improvements in rural sanitation in India. According to the Ministry of Jal Shakti, the percentage of households with access to toilets in rural areas has increased from 39% in 2014 to over 99% in 2021, and the percentage of open defecation-free villages has increased from 0.03% in 2014 to over 99% in 2021.

Final Year B Pharm Notes, Syllabus, Books, PDF Subjectwise/Topicwise

Final Year B Pharm Sem VII	BP701T Instrumental Methods of Analysis Theory
BP702T Industrial Pharmacy Theory	BP703T Pharmacy Practice Theory
BP704T Novel Drug Delivery System Theory	BP705 P Instrumental Methods of Analysis Practical
Final Year B Pharm Sem VII	BP801T Biostatistics and Research Methodology Theory
BP802T Social and Preventive Pharmacy Theory	BP803ET Pharmaceutical Marketing Theory
BP804ET Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science Theory	BP805ET Pharmacovigilance Theory
BP806ET Quality Control and Standardization of Herbals Theory	BP807ET Computer-Aided Drug Design Theory
BP808ET Cell and Molecular Biology Theory	BP809ET Cosmetic Science Theory
BP810ET Experimental Pharmacology Theory	BP811ET Advanced Instrumentation Techniques Theory
BP812ET Dietary supplements and Nutraceuticals	Pharmaceutical Product Development

Suggested readings:

• National Health Mission (NHM)
• Importance of safe drinking water
• History of the profession of Pharmacy in India in relation to pharmacy education, industry, and organization
• 5.1 Clinical Research Pharm D Syllabus, Notes, PDF, Books, Downloads
• Social causes of diseases