Immunization: Definition, Schedule Social Pharmacy Notes PDF
Chapter 2 Social Pharmacy Notes 2.1 Demography and Family Planning, 2.2 Mother and child health, 2.3 Importance of breastfeeding, 2.4 Ill effects of infant milk substitutes and bottle feeding 2.5 Overview of Vaccines, 2.6 Types of immunity 2.7 Immunization 2.8 Effect of Environment on Health 2.8.1 Water pollution 2.8.1.2 Importance of safe drinking water, waterborne diseases 2.8.2 Air pollution 2.8.3 Noise pollution 2.8.4 Sewage and solid waste disposal 2.8.5 Occupational illnesses 2.8.6 Environmental pollution due to pharmaceuticals 2.8.7 Psychosocial Pharmacy: Drugs of misuse and abuse – psychotropics, narcotics, alcohol, tobacco products.
Immunization is the process of protecting a large number of populations by producing immunity or resistance in the body by means of immunological agents (vaccines).
Or
It is defined as the production of resistance in the body by means of immunological agents
National Immunization schedule:
Each country has its own immunization schedule based on its local needs. Indian schedule gives protection for children against six vaccine-preventable diseases. i.e. Diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, TB, measles.
| Beneficiaries | Age | Vaccine | No. of doses and route of administration. |
| Infants | 6 weeks to9 months | DPT Polio (OPV) BCG | 3 intramuscular (IM) 3 oral 1 intradermal (ID) |
| 9 to 12 months | Measles | Subcutaneous (SC) | |
| Children | 16 to 24 months 5-6 years 10 years 16 years | DPT (I booster) Polio (I booster) DT (II booster) Typhoid Tetanus toxoid Typhoid Tetanus toxoid Typhoid | 1 intramuscular (IM)1 oral 1 intramuscular, (Two doses if not immunized previously) 2 subcutaneous. (SC) 1 intramuscular (IM) 1 subcutaneous (SC) 1 intramuscular (IM) 1 subcutaneous (SC) |
| Pregnant women | 16 to 36 weeks of pregnancy | Tetanus toxoid | 2 intramuscular (IM) |
Immunization schedule for the children
| Sr.no | Age | Immunization |
| 1 | 0-15 days | Oral polio and BCG |
| 2 | 6th week | DPT and Oral polio |
| 3 | 10th week | DPT and Oral polio |
| 4 | 14th week | DPT and Oral polio |
| 5 | 9th month | Measles vaccine |
| 6 | 18th month | Booster dose of DPT, Booster dose of oral polio. |
| 7 | 5 years | DT and Typhoid |
| 8 | 10 years | Tetanus toxoid and typhoid |
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