
Electrochemical cell in Potentiometry analysis
Potentiometry analysis is a method used in electrochemistry to measure the potential difference between two electrodes in an electrochemical cell. An electrochemical cell consists of two half-cells, each containing an electrode and an electrolyte solution. The half-cell with the electrode to be measured is called the indicator electrode, and the other half-cell is the reference electrode.
The indicator electrode is designed to be selective towards a specific ion or molecule. When the indicator electrode is immersed in a solution containing the ion or molecule, a potential difference is generated between the indicator electrode and the reference electrode. This potential difference is proportional to the concentration of the ion or molecule in the solution.
The reference electrode is usually a stable electrode with a well-defined potential, which is used as a reference point for the potential measurement. The most commonly used reference electrode is the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), which has a potential of 0 volts at standard conditions.
In potentiometry analysis, the potential difference between the indicator electrode and the reference electrode is measured using a high impedance voltmeter or a potentiometer. The measured potential difference is then converted into a concentration using a calibration curve that relates the potential difference to the concentration of the ion or molecule being measured.
Potentiometry analysis is a widely used technique in analytical chemistry for the measurement of pH, ion concentration, and other chemical species in solution.
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