To demonstrate the reflex activity
Aim :
To demonstrate the reflex activity.
Introduction :
A reflex or reflex action is an involuntary contraction of a muscle or a group of muscles (or secretion of a gland) in response to a specific stimulus, and which involves some part of the nervous system (brain and spinal cord).
The reflex arc is the anatomical nervous pathway for reflex action.
Components of Reflex arc
A simple reflex arc includes 5 components:
- The receptor is the end organ which receives the stimulus.
- The afferent nerve (sensory nerve) transmits sensory impulses from the receptor to the centre.
- The centre (located in the brain or spinal cord) receives the sensory impulses via afferent nerve fibres and then generates appropriate motor impulses.
- The efferent nerve ( motor nerve) transmits motor impulses from the centre to the effector organ.
- Effector organ such as the muscle or gland shows the response to the stimulus.
Classification of Reflexes
Reflexes are classified depending upon:
(a) whether inborn(unconditioned) or acquired (conditioned; need previous training)
(b) the situation of the centre (cerebellar, cortical, midbrain, bulbar or medullary, and spinal);
(c) purpose or functional significance (protective or flexor and antigravity or extensor reflexes);
(d) number of synapses (monosynaptic and polysynaptic ); and
(e) clinical basis (superficial, deep, visceral and pathological reflexes).
BP207P Human Anatomy and Physiology II Practical
To study the integumentary and special senses using specimens, models, etc.,
To study the nervous system using specimens, models, etc.,
To study the endocrine system using specimens, models, etc
To demonstrate the general neurological examination
To demonstrate the function of olfactory nerve
To examine the different types of taste.
To demonstrate the visual acuity
To demonstrate the reflex activity
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Determination of tidal volume and vital capacity.
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Recording of the basal mass index.
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Demonstration of total blood count by cell analyzer
Permanent slides of vital organs and gonads
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