Forms of intracellular signalling: Contact-dependent

Forms of intracellular signalling: Contact-dependent

Contact-dependent intracellular signaling is a form of cell signaling that occurs through direct physical contact between cells. In humans, there are several types of contact-dependent signaling that play important roles in development, immunity, and disease:

1. Notch signaling: Notch signaling is a highly conserved pathway that plays a critical role in cell fate determination during development. Notch receptors on one cell bind to ligands on an adjacent cell, leading to the cleavage and release of the intracellular domain of the Notch receptor. This intracellular domain can then enter the nucleus and regulate gene expression.
2. E-cadherin signaling: E-cadherin is a transmembrane protein that mediates cell-cell adhesion in epithelial tissues. Binding of E-cadherin on one cell to E-cadherin on an adjacent cell can activate downstream signaling events that regulate cell proliferation, migration, and survival.
3. Integrin signaling: Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Binding of integrins to extracellular matrix proteins can activate downstream signaling events that regulate cell proliferation, migration, and survival.
4. Immunological synapse: The immunological synapse is a specialized contact-dependent signaling pathway that allows T cells to recognize and respond to antigen-presenting cells. Binding of the T cell receptor to the antigen on the antigen-presenting cell can trigger downstream signaling events that activate the T cell and promote immune responses.

Overall, contact-dependent intracellular signaling is a critical mechanism for coordinating cell behavior and regulating cellular processes in humans. Dysregulation of these signaling pathways can lead to a variety of diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and developmental abnormalities. Understanding the mechanisms of contact-dependent signaling is an important area of research for developing new therapies for these diseases.

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First Year B Pharm Notes, Syllabus, Books, PDF Subjectwise/Topicwise

F Y B Pharm Sem-I	F Y B Pharm Sem-II
BP101T Human Anatomy and Physiology I Theory	BP201T Human Anatomy and Physiology II – Theory
BP102T Pharmaceutical Analysis I Theory	BP202T Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry I Theory
BP103T Pharmaceutics I Theory	BP203T Biochemistry – Theory
BP104T Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry Theory	BP204T Pathophysiology – Theory
BP105T Communication skills Theory	BP205T Computer Applications in Pharmacy Theory
BP106RBT Remedial Biology	BP206T Environmental sciences – Theory
BP106RMT Remedial Mathematics Theory	BP207P Human Anatomy and Physiology II Practical
BP107P Human Anatomy and Physiology Practical	BP208P Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry I Practical
BP108P Pharmaceutical Analysis I Practical	BP209P Biochemistry Practical
BP109P Pharmaceutics I Practical	BP210P Computer Applications in Pharmacy Practical
BP110P Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry Practical
BP111P Communication skills Practical
BP112RBP Remedial Biology Practical

Suggested readings:

• Intracellular signalling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecule
• General principles of cell communication
• Basic terminologies used in pharmacovigilance
• 404T Pharmacology I Theory
• Preparation and evaluation of Aspirin tablets