Structural and functional classification of Joints
Human body joints can be classified both structurally and functionally.
Structural Classification:
- Fibrous Joints: These joints are held together by tough, fibrous connective tissue and allow for little or no movement. Examples include the sutures between the bones of the skull and the joints between teeth and the bones of the jaw.
- Cartilaginous Joints: These joints are held together by cartilage and allow for limited movement. Examples include the joints between the vertebrae of the spine and the joint between the ribs and the sternum.
- Synovial Joints: These joints are the most common type of joint in the body and are held together by a joint capsule that contains synovial fluid. They allow for a wide range of movement and include ball-and-socket joints, hinge joints, pivot joints, and saddle joints.
Functional Classification:
- Synarthrosis: These joints are immovable and provide stability and support. Examples include the sutures in the skull and the joints between the teeth and the jaw.
- Amphiarthrosis: These joints are slightly movable and provide some flexibility. Examples include the joints between the vertebrae in the spine and the joints between the ribs and the sternum.
- Diarthrosis: These joints are freely movable and allow for a wide range of movement. Examples include the ball-and-socket joint of the hip and shoulder, the hinge joint of the elbow and knee, and the pivot joint of the neck.
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