Anaemia
Anemia is a medical condition in which a person has a lower-than-normal number of red blood cells or a lower-than-normal amount of hemoglobin in their blood. Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues. Anemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Iron deficiency: Iron is an essential nutrient that is needed to produce hemoglobin. Iron deficiency can occur due to a poor diet, blood loss, or an inability to absorb iron from the diet.
- Vitamin deficiency: Vitamins like vitamin B12 and folate are necessary for the production of red blood cells. A deficiency in these vitamins can lead to anemia.
- Blood loss: Blood loss due to injury, surgery, menstruation, or gastrointestinal bleeding can lead to anemia.
- Chronic diseases: Chronic diseases like kidney disease, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis can interfere with the production of red blood cells and lead to anemia.
- Inherited disorders: Inherited disorders like sickle cell anemia and thalassemia can affect the production of red blood cells.
Symptoms of anemia can include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, dizziness, headache, and pale skin. Treatment for anemia depends on the underlying cause and may involve iron or vitamin supplements, blood transfusions, medications, or lifestyle changes.
If left untreated, anemia can lead to complications such as heart problems, developmental delays in children, and increased risk of infections. Therefore, it is important to seek medical attention if you suspect you may have anemia.
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