Agar: Physical and chemical tests / Analysis of crude drugs

To identify the chemical characteristics of a given sample.

SI.No.	Test	Observation	Inference
1.	Boil 1gm of agar with 10ml of water until the solution is affected, cool to room temperature	A slip jet is formed. (Jelly-like mass is formed)	Agar
2.	0.2% solution of agar, + aqueous solution of tannic acidNo Precipitate is formedDistinction from gelatin3.	Warm little sample in an alcoholic solution of Pot. Hydroxide	Canary yellow colour is produced	Agar present
4.	Mount a small quantity of powder in the solution of ruthenium red and examine microscopicallyParticles acquire red or pink colourPresence of mucilage in agar.
5.	Add 1 drop of N/10 solution of iodine to 10ml of decoction of agar. Rapidly cool under tap water to room temperature.	Crimson or Pale yellow colour is produced	Agar is present
6.	Add 0.5ml of conc. HCl to 4ml of 0.5% solution of agar. Heat it in a water bath for 30minutes, cool at room temperature and divide it into two portions. Add 3ml of 10% NaOH solution and Fehling’s solution A and B in equal quantities and warm over a water bath. Add 10% of barium chloride solution.	Red ppt of cuprous oxide is obtained Slight white ppt of barium sulphate is obtained	Reducing sugars are present
7.	Incinerate agar to ash, and add a drop of con.HCl observe under the microscope	Fragments of diatoms	Agar is present

The above morphological characteristics and chemical tests indicate that the crude drug is Agar.

Kokate CK. Practical Pharmacognosy, 4 edition, VallabhPrakashan. Delhi; 1994: 98.

F Y D Pharm & S Y D Pharm Notes, Books, Syllabus, PDF, Videos

First Year D Pharm	Second Year D Pharm
ER20-11T Pharmaceutics Theory	ER20-21T Pharmacology Theory
ER20-11P Pharmaceutics Practical	ER20-21P Pharmacology Practical
ER20-12T Pharmaceutical Chemistry Theory	ER20-22T Community Pharmacy & Management Theory
ER20-12P Pharmaceutical Chemistry Practical	ER20-22P Community Pharmacy & Management Practical
ER20-13T Pharmacognosy Theory	ER20-23T Biochemistry & Clinical Pathology Theory
ER20-13P Pharmacognosy Practical	ER20-23P Biochemistry & Clinical Pathology Practical
ER20-14T Human Anatomy Physiology Theory	ER20-24T Pharmacotherapeutics Theory
ER2014P Human Anatomy Physiology Practical	ER20-24P Pharmacotherapeutics Practical
ER20-15T Social Pharmacy Theory	ER20-25T Hospital & Clinical Pharmacy Theory
ER20-15P Social Pharmacy Practical	ER20-25P Hospital & Clinical Pharmacy Practical
	ER20-26T Pharmacy Law & Ethics

Second Year B Pharm Notes, Syllabus, Books, PDF Subjectwise/Topicwise

S Y B Pharm Sem III	S Y B Pharm Sem IV
BP301T Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry II Theory	BP401T Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry III Theory
BP302T Physical Pharmaceutics I Theory	BP402T Medicinal Chemistry I Theory
BP303T Pharmaceutical Microbiology Theo	BP403T Physical Pharmaceutics II Theory
BP304T Pharmaceutical Engineering Theory	BP404T Pharmacology I Theory
BP305P Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry II Practical	BP405T Pharmacognosy I Theory
BP306P Physical Pharmaceutics I Practical	BP406P Medicinal Chemistry I Practical
BP307P Pharmaceutical Microbiology Practical	BP407P Physical Pharmaceutics II Practical
BP308P Pharmaceutical Engineering Practical	BP408P Pharmacology I Practical
	BP409P Pharmacognosy I Practical

Guillain-Barré Syndrome: Understanding This Rare Neurological Disorder